Enhancing One-On-One Communication

1. Don't assume that all Deaf people use the same mode of communication.
2. Ask how the Deaf person prefers to communicate.
3. Build a conducive visual environment by avoiding glare and other visual distractions.
4. Be sure to establish eye contact before beginning to communicate. Continue to look directly at the Deaf person while speaking, even when an interpreter is present and the Deaf patient's eye contact shifts to the interpreter.
5. Before starting a discussion, "key" the Deaf person into the subject under consideration.
6. During conversations, treat the Deaf person with the same courtesy that you would a hearing person.
7. Do not place anything in your mouth while speaking to a Deaf person, and avoid covering your mouth with your hand or papers.
8. Enunciate each word clearly, but do not exaggerate or overpronounce words.
9. When asked repeatedly for clarification, rephrase a thought rather than repeating the same words.
10. Use writing, gestures, and available props when necessary.
11. Use "check-back" strategies to ensure that both parties understand each other clearly.


The National Academy - Gallaudet University